Europe would not be allowed to languish, and the stimulus came from abroad.

Economists talk about bang for the buck how much economic stimulus is provided by each dollar of spending.

Thus, the economic stimulus provided by the German state budget will amount to 4.4 of GDP in 2009.

Budget deficits automatically increase government debt, requiring higher future taxes to pay the interest on that debt. The resulting higher tax rates distort economic incentives and thus weaken future economic performance.

The resulting higher tax rates distort economic incentives and thus weaken future economic performance.

Fiscal stimulus is a tricky business. Policymakers are damned if they do and damned if they don t.

Fiscal stimulus is needed as well.

Fiscal stimulus is a tricky business.

Staff buyout

But just as industrialized countries need a stimulus, African economies need a boost to keep their progress on track.

Our second test is economic.

Of course, monetary easing is not purely zero sum.

The real question is not whether Europe is using sufficiently aggressive Keynesian stimulus, but whether Europe will resume its economic reform efforts as the crisis abates. If Europe continues to make its labor markets more flexible, its financial market regulation more genuinely pan European, and remains open to trade, trend growth can pick up again in the wake of the crisis.

The real question is not whether Europe is using sufficiently aggressive Keynesian stimulus, but whether Europe will resume its economic reform efforts as the crisis abates.

Italy s economic malaise is obvious.

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His economical backing is secure.

The economic situation of the country worsened.

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Economic development is important for Africa.

Fueling growth through domestic demand will have to be carefully managed.

Of course, economic convergence is a long term business.

Is it population, military strength, or economic development?

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It's a huge problem. It's an economic crime.

The white line is for the U.K., and then the U.S.

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Many species are economically important.

A more effective stimulus would speed up spending that needs to be done anyway. Or cut taxes to change the marginal calculus of firms on layoffs and consumers on spending for example, by suspending the payroll tax on firms and workers for a year or suspending part or all of the sales tax or national value added tax.

But spurring faster growth in services is a complex undertaking.

A further source of stimulus is quantitative easing, or, more simply, printing money.

Boosting regional integration in the Maghreb promises much and would cost relatively little.

Different health conditions impede development in characteristic ways. HIV AIDS for example, destroys the lives of workers in their most productive years and orphans millions of children.

To be precise this is how West Germany s economic miracle began.

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