Greece largely succeeded in following the dictate set by the troika (the European Commission the ECB, and the IMF) it converted a primary budget deficit into a primary surplus.

The International Monetary Fund was predicting only that Greece would have a zero primary budget deficit in 2013.

The first order impact is clear.

As a result, Greece moved from a primary budget deficit (which excludes interest payments on debt) of more than 10 of GDP to a primary balance last year by far the largest such reversal in post crisis Europe.

Japan s primary deficit of 28 trillion in 2002 was reduced to only 6 trillion by 2007.

Claron McFadden The human voice mysterious, spontaneous, primal.

Looking ahead, the IMF predicts that Greece will have a gradually rising primary surplus and a gradually declining overall deficit over the next several years.

In terms of transforming a large primary deficit into a surplus, few countries have accomplished anything like what the Greeks have achieved in the last five years.

This typically happens when the government runs a primary surplus.

This deficit reflects an underlying research deficit.

Basic research is the primary organism in the food chain of scientific endeavor.

Germany s Europe Deficit

So deficits grow.

The Skills Deficit

Apakah kekurangan energi benar terjadi?

The moral deficit is on a mass scale.

We have a deficit.

This uncertainty does not weaken liberal capitalism on the contrary, it is the system s primary source of strength. But it does extend to what economists can know about human behavior and the market.

This uncertainty does not weaken liberal capitalism on the contrary, it is the system s primary source of strength.

A primary budget deficit (or surplus) is the difference between a government s outlays for everything excluding the interest payments that it must pay on its debt and its receipts from taxes and other charges.

Scarcity in an Age of Plenty

We are experiencing a shortage of nightstands.

In the run up to its debt crisis in 2010, the government s primary budget deficit (the amount by which government expenditure on goods and services exceeds revenues, excluding interest payments on its debt) was equivalent to an astonishing 10 of national income.

The gargantuan US trade deficit?

As time passes, deficits accumulate.

Latin America s Education Deficit

Closing America s Jobs Deficit

India is now short of food.

A water shortage causes a lot of inconvenience.

Such shortages, no surprise, have stoked inflation.

Europe u0027s Defense Investment Gap

Now, trade deficits are like hot potatoes.

The result is a budget deficit equivalent to more than 5 of GDP.

The US government itself has taken advantage by running vast deficits.

The water shortage is due to the weather.

The recent coffee shortage brought about many problems.

The United States trade and current account deficits have begun to shrink relative to American and world GDP.

Thus, in order to keep the current account deficit stable, the trade deficit must shrink. And the only way for the trade deficit to shrink substantially is for net imports to fall, which requires either a relatively sharp decline in the value of the dollar, thereby raising import prices, or a depression in the US.

This growing fiscal deficit, however, has created a higher monetized deficit, inciting greater inflationary pressures.

Twin current account and fiscal deficits (and or currency and debt maturity mismatches) were the rule.

Thus, in order to keep the current account deficit stable, the trade deficit must shrink.

And these are just a few examples of companies that are buying our plastic, replacing virgin plastic, to make their new products.

In 2015, however, with the primary surplus achieved, Greece s creditors refused even to discuss debt relief.

When America went to war, there was a deficit.

As a result, public deficits are shooting up everywhere.