For example, does reducing public expenditure have positive or negative effects on economic activity?

Cutting spending now will weaken the economy.

And offsetting spending cuts provides no safety valve.

No one took into account the fact that countries like France and Switzerland somehow manage to thrive with large states.

A sharp and ill considered reduction of the civil service began.

The main beneficiaries of public spending are the poor and the middle class.

The non partisan Congressional Budget Office agrees that even without Bush's new expenditure initiatives and tax proposals, costing trillions of dollars, the deficit will not be eliminated in the foreseeable future or even cut in half, as Bush has promised. Expenditures on which America's future economic health depends on infrastructure, education, health, and technology will be crowded out, jeopardizing long term growth.

Sweden s greatest achievement was a gradual cut of public spending by no less than one fifth of GDP from 1993 to 2007.

Expenditures on which America's future economic health depends on infrastructure, education, health, and technology will be crowded out, jeopardizing long term growth.

But the contraction in government spending has been predictably devastating 25 unemployment, a 22 fall in GDP since 2009, and a 35 increase in the debt to GDP ratio.

Cutting welfare spending where the big money is would be painful.

The worry, however, is that politics and ideology on both sides of the Atlantic, but especially in the US, will not allow any of this to occur.

Fixation on the deficit will induce cutbacks in social spending, worsening inequality.

Of course, with reduced public spending on the performing arts, not only will there be greater reliance on private money, but ticket prices will have to rise as well.

Those so called reforms included sharply lower public spending, minimum wage reductions, fire sale privatizations, an end to collective bargaining, and deep pension cuts.

In this scenario, budget cuts create room for interest rates to fall.

Protesters came out against the reduction of social spending, the privatization of state property, and perceived banking tyranny.

Similarly, whatever spending increases the US Congress approves this fall will not have significant effects on government spending until the summer and fall of 2004. But this time, slow stimulus is amplified by failures in the design of the Bush economic program.

Similarly, whatever spending increases the US Congress approves this fall will not have significant effects on government spending until the summer and fall of 2004.

If I d thought that George W. Bush was a big spending Rockefeller Republican....

The turnaround in Germany s public finances was due mostly to a reduction in expenditure.

Unfortunately, today s top policy priority is to address remote possibilities, whereas the urgent task at hand coordinating and implementing efforts to raise and sustain growth and job creation is being ignored. Meanwhile, cuts in social and welfare spending are only making things worse, as employment and consumer demand fall further.

Meanwhile, cuts in social and welfare spending are only making things worse, as employment and consumer demand fall further.

Thus, greater reliance on fiscal policy increased government spending would be necessary.

He and his finance minister, Gordon Brown, stuck to their predecessors public spending plans, for example.

The government must avoid relying too much on proposals for tax increases, which ultimately feed back on growth and sustainability. It would be far preferable to balance tax increases with some reversal of runaway government spending.

This type of government spending can create labor intensive jobs that will help to stem rising unemployment.

It would be far preferable to balance tax increases with some reversal of runaway government spending.

But the eurozone s rule against using the ECB to finance government spending bars this approach.

The resulting recession might fuel further pessimism and cutbacks in spending, deepening the downturn.

Moreover, in the case of domestic debt, a higher interest rate or risk premium merely leads to more redistribution within the country (from taxpayers to bondholders).

Foreigners cannot vote for the higher taxes or lower expenditure needed to service the debt.

The third and most damaging flaw, however, is that the spending cuts come in the wrong places.

The measure s second shortcoming, however, is that the spending reductions that it mandates are modest.

Noting that the Government of the Territory continues to take steps to increase revenue and decrease government expenditure,

For example, as their tax revenues plummet, state and local governments are in the process of cutting back their expenditures.

Public infrastructure investments displace private investments and the taxes necessary to finance them introduce further distortions in demand.

His strategy the three arrows of massive monetary expansion, increased government spending, and structural reform is theoretically sound.

By removing some of the burden from national budgets, the current decline in public investment could be reversed.

In any case, the lions share of public expenditures goes to pensions, transfers, and public sector salaries.

When an economy is suffering from high unemployment and weak aggregate demand, spending cuts are contractionary.

At the same time, the durable viability of UNOPS will require a reduction in the cost base of its operations.

Over the next decade, sizeable cuts in defense spending as part of overall deficit reduction could mean a significant reduction in R D investment in the US.

Over the next decade, sizeable cuts in defense spending as part of overall deficit reduction could mean a significant reduction in R amp D investment in the US.

Ireland s projected budget for 2001 foresees a slight reduction in public expenditures, from 31 to 30.8 of GDP, and a simultaneous reduction of taxes by about .6 of GDP.