Second, the effects of austerity were exacerbated by the choice to pursue nominal, rather than structural, fiscal deficit targets.

As a result, we have achieved a larger reduction in the structural deficit than any other major advanced economy.

As the country heads toward an election later this year, the European Commission has sanctioned the widening of its structural deficit.

Structural Booms

Moreover, once the constraints on deficit spending are off, a major incentive for badly needed structural reform in Europe will be removed.

This deficit reflects an underlying research deficit.

A structural problem

And, according to the International Monetary Fund, the structural deficit (sometimes called the full employment deficit ), a measure of fiscal stimulus, has fallen from 7.8 of potential GDP to 4 of potential GDP from 2011 to 2014.

BERKELEY The United States is beset by four deficits a fiscal deficit, a jobs deficit, a deficit in public investment, and an opportunity deficit.

So, how should the US economy s jobs deficit, investment deficit, and long run fiscal deficit be addressed?

That restructuring will occur, deficit spending or no deficit spending.

Europe s Vision Deficit

Germany s Europe Deficit

The Skills Deficit

Structural reform cannot wait.

With foreign borrowing financing a yawning trade deficit, the US economy as a whole spent more than it earned, which both caused and hid structural problems.

The German model for resolving the debt crisis and returning to internal or external balance relies on fiscal consolidation and structural reforms for the deficit countries.

The eurozone s cohesion and the success of its necessary structural reforms and thus its very survival now depend on whether it can overcome its growth deficit.

Meanwhile, India, constrained by a high fiscal deficit and persistent inflationary pressure, has less scope for expansionary policies and faces significant challenges in pursuing credible structural reform.

Latin America s Education Deficit

Global Warming s Technology Deficit

Closing Europe s Defense Deficit

Closing America s Jobs Deficit

Europe s Pointless Deficit Targets?

We have a deficit.

The current crisis is structural.

Chomsky is a structural linguist.

Bodies like the European Commission increasingly distinguish between the structural and cyclical components of a budget deficit, and thus consider potential output, which increases with investment, in their calculations.

These structural impediments cannot be removed.

The gargantuan US trade deficit?

Ending the Islamic Democracy Deficit

What is the Deficit Endgame?

The counterargument hinges on the difference between the current account deficit and the trade deficit.

This growing fiscal deficit, however, has created a higher monetized deficit, inciting greater inflationary pressures.

Thus, in order to keep the current account deficit stable, the trade deficit must shrink.

Moreover, once the constraints on deficit spending are off, a major incentive for badly needed structural reform in Europe will be removed. Europe's politicians will be tempted to simply jack up the fiscal deficit to boost domestic incomes rather than undergo politically painful but necessary rationalization.

So every planned euro of deficit reduction delivers less than a euro of actual deficit reduction.

A second structural adjustment concerns regulatory reform.

This isn t for lack of structural reforms.

But we also need other structural measures.

This structural shift has enormous practical significance.

No doubt many structural reforms as well.

And never mind growth enhancing structural reforms.

andyxianwong sees structural flaws in the proposal

The Making of China s Trade Deficit