Petroleum, petrochemicals and natural gas continue to be the backbone of the economy.

The country has significant reserves of natural gas.

Gas extraction in Tanzania, as seen by cartoonist by Masoud Kipanya.

It costs no more to extract oil or gas today than it did when prices were one third of their current level.

Oil output is coming back on line in meaningful quantities.

Some calm has returned, and oil production is resuming.

In the late 1800 s, oil extraction involved dredging with a mule.

And, in many places, oil supplies are declining as old oil fields are depleted.

Today, oil and gas platforms are abounding along the edges of the sea.

A whole group of oil and gas companies is situated in Oslo.

Indeed, after two decades of cheap, abundant energy and exports of surplus output, a new cycle of expensive, scarce, and imported energy has begun, as oil production has fallen by one third since 1998, and gas production by 15 since 2004.

Using oil or natural gas for domestic electricity threatens oil and gas exports, which are the principle source of government revenues.

Where's the catch?

Using oil or natural gas for domestic electricity threatens oil and gas exports, which are the principle source of government revenues. Indeed, with domestic oil consumption growing at a higher rate than production, government revenues from oil exports are already in decline.

Indeed, with domestic oil consumption growing at a higher rate than production, government revenues from oil exports are already in decline.

On the contrary, it is still home to massive oil and gas reserves.

Others focus on the expansion of America s oil and gas production.

If this oil is exploited, the pollution risks will be far higher than anywhere else.

Russians pay for this consumption from the profits of gas and oil.

Russia s economy is more dependent on gas and oil than ever before.

Some petroleum experts argue that world oil production will peak in a decade or so.

Gas production in the Middle East will triple, and more than double in Africa, where there are large low cost reserves.

Otherwise, its oil output will stagnate or even fall, hitting the ruble and living standards hard.

The United States has contemplated a naval blockade of Russian deliveries of oil and gas

It's not even mining.

Russia is the world s largest oil and gas exporter, sitting on more than 25 of total proven gas reserves.

By 2035, shale gas is projected to account for roughly one half of total US energy production.

Even in the parts of Iraq now controlled by the Islamic State, oil production continues, with output smuggled and sold in foreign markets.

There is the potential for oil and gas exploration, and of mining iron ore and precious metals.

Until now, the wealth of nations has been based upon the combustion of coal, gas, and oil.

China is quickly turning into one of the world s largest importers of oil and gas.

The fight to control oil and gas revenues is paramount in this regard.

And the fourth is economic to lay claim to a larger share of North Sea oil and gas.

More than 80 of all primary energy in the world comes from coal, oil, and gas.

Industry Alberta is the largest producer of conventional crude oil, synthetic crude, natural gas and gas products in Canada.

Canada provides about 16 of U.S. oil imports and 14 of total U.S. consumption of natural gas.

Vladlena Martsynkevych, Bankwatch's Central Asia Officer writes

In the 2nd millennium, ore mining developed in Central Kazakhstan.

After 2015, easily accessible supplies of oil and gas probably will no longer keep up with demand.

In addition, each winter there is a repeated threat of problems with oil and gas deliveries to Europe.

Indeed, China has been pouring billions of dollars into developing the oil and gas fields of Iraq and Iran.

Absent such confidence, Iraq s oil output will not approach its potential, which will only widen the gap between global supply and demand.

The man is the hunter, and the woman is his prey.

Other than oil, gas, and other commodities, China has rather limited interests in Russia. Russia has been China s major supplier of weapons since the late 1990 s.

Laporan ini meminta pemerintah Amerika Serikat untuk melanjutkan pengeboran minyak dan gas di Artik tanpa menyebutkan dampaknya terhadap perubahan iklim.